Bait and Switch is a deceptive dark pattern in UX where users are enticed by an appealing offer, feature, or price—the bait—but are ultimately presented with a less favorable or entirely different outcome—the switch. This tactic misleads users into taking…
Captology (short for “Computers As Persuasive Technologies”) is the study of how interactive computing technologies—such as apps, websites, and smart devices—are designed to influence and change users’ attitudes, behaviors, and beliefs. It blends principles of persuasion, psychology, and human-computer interaction…
Confirmshaming is a dark pattern in user experience (UX) and user interface (UI) design where users are manipulated into taking a desired action—typically by using guilt-inducing or emotionally charged language in opt-out options. This tactic shames users into compliance by…
The Zeigarnik Effect is a psychological phenomenon where people tend to remember and feel a strong urge to complete unfinished or interrupted tasks more than tasks they’ve completed. In UX design, this effect is used to enhance user engagement, motivate…