Bait and Switch is a deceptive dark pattern in UX where users are enticed by an appealing offer, feature, or price—the bait—but are ultimately presented with a less favorable or entirely different outcome—the switch. This tactic misleads users into taking…
Confirmshaming is a dark pattern in user experience (UX) and user interface (UI) design where users are manipulated into taking a desired action—typically by using guilt-inducing or emotionally charged language in opt-out options. This tactic shames users into compliance by…
A Dashboard is a simple visual representation of often complex data sets designed to make understanding and decision-making easier. It aggregates, organizes, and presents critical information in a clear, digestible manner, allowing users to monitor key performance indicators (KPIs) and…
Empirical Validation is the process of confirming design decisions, theories, or models through direct observation, measurement, and analysis of real-world user behavior and performance. In UX, it ensures that product designs are grounded in actual user data rather than assumptions…
Gestalt Principles (also known as the Laws of Gestalt or the Law of Simplicity) are perceptual rules that describe how people naturally organize visual elements into structured, unified wholes. Instead of seeing isolated parts, our brains group related elements, fill…
HEART Framework is a UX metrics framework developed by Google that evaluates user experience across five key dimensions: Happiness, Engagement, Adoption, Retention, and Task Success. It helps product teams define measurable goals, understand user behavior, and guide data-driven design decisions.…
Iterative Refinement is the continuous process of revisiting, revising, and enhancing solutions based on feedback, data, or calculated residuals. In UX and numerical computing, this method ensures that designs, systems, or calculations evolve through successive improvements to achieve optimal results…
Marketing Optimization is the strategic process of refining marketing efforts—including campaigns, content, targeting, and budget use—to maximize performance and return on investment (ROI). In the context of User Experience (UX), it focuses on enhancing the digital touchpoints that influence customer…
Panels create a bank of profiled customer information over time and allow for in-depth research. They provide an ideal base of opinion for research on a broad range of topics, enabling UX teams to gather consistent and valuable insights from…
Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is the practice of optimizing a website to increase its visibility in search engine results pages (SERPs). In the context of User Experience (UX), SEO and UX work hand-in-hand—where SEO brings users to a site, and…